Live rape cultivation without grass cultivation

Live rapeseed is a kind of labor-saving and light-weight cultivation technology that produces, works on, saves, and increases productivity in winter. In recent years, we have used no-tillage direct seeding technology in our area to promote mechanical harvesting. With the high productivity and high efficiency of labor saving, labor saving and cost saving, it is of great significance to expand the planting area of ​​rapeseeds, increase the total production of rape crops, ease the seasons, and make up for the shortage of oilseed rape seedlings. In order to reduce the cost of rapeseed production, the use of rice straw to return field, fertility and fertility, improve planting efficiency. In 2005, the cultivation experiment of direct seeding rapeseed with no-tillage and grass-mulching cultivation was conducted. The test is summarized as follows:
First, design and method:
The experiment was conducted according to the Provincial Agricultural Bureau and the layout plan. The district has three processes:
1. Live rape rape no-till cultivation, covering 200 straw per acre
2. Live rape rape no-till cultivation, covering 400 straws per acre?
3, control (CK), live rapeseed cultivation without grass cover.
Area of ​​the plot: The test area, treatment 1, and treatment 2 were each 0.35 mu. The control area is 0.49 mu.
Second, after the test:
The trial was set up in the contracted field of Xu Zhixiang farmer in 7th group of Kangheqiao Village, Xinyi Town. The previous crop was "Shuishui 001" on a single night. It was matured on October 20th, the field was weeded three days before sowing, and 10% glyphosate was used per mu. Aqueous agent 0.5?, Watered 35? One day before sowing, basal fertilizer: superphosphate 40? per mu, urea 7.5?. The live rapeseed variety was “Huyou 15”, which was planted on October 25 and finished on the same day. The sowing rate per mu was 0.25. After sowing, the straw was weighed, covered by a partition, and the area was 1.8 meters wide and 0.20 meters wide. Then the tractor was used to open the soil. After sowing, the weather has been dry and the emergence has been slow. The time is as long as 10-12 days. Miaofei on November 15 mu application of urea 10%, 25% common compound fertilizer 25, in mid-February application of moss, urea 12.5 per mu, the total amount of test nitrogen fertilizer, urea 32.5 per mu, compound fertilizer 25? , Phosphate fertilizer 40?.
Fourth, the results and analysis (see Table 1)
(1) Test results: The treatment 2 was the highest, the plot output was 61.85?, and the yield per mu was 176.7?, which was 24.7% higher than the control mu, and the output was increased by 16.3%. The processing yield of 1 community was 57.2%, and the yield per mu was 163.4%, which was 11.4% higher than that of the control, and the output was increased by 7.5%. In the blank control area, the output of the community was 74.5 tons, and the yield per mu was 152 points.
(B), test analysis
1, the benefits of grass cover (1), make up for the lack of organic fertilizer, fertility and fertility. Conventional rapeseed cultivation generally does not apply organic fertilizer or straw-mulching, which is characterized by insufficient backforce, fine culms, few branches, and high node positions. Under the same fertilization conditions, the grass-covered grasses exhibited sufficient rear force, thick culms, many branches, and low node positions.
(2), pressure turf seedlings role. No-till live rapeseed is more important than transplanting rapeseed. Wide-leafed and grass hybrids take place. Conventional direct-broading fields generally adopt secondary (intra-year and off-year) weed control. Once weeding, we can remove the grass only once. .
(3) Anti-freeze and warmth: From Treatment 2, the amount of grass covered is large, and the vegetable field is short, strong, and grows over many winter green leaves.
1. Insufficient grass-covered rapeseed No-tillage and grass-covering does play the role of fertility, antifreeze, warmth, strong winter, and light grass. However, the following conditions exist in production operations.
(1) Use labor. Compared with conventional live rapeseed cultivation, the amount of labor needed per acre is increased. Generally, the live rapeseed is harvested after the late rice is harvested.
(2), grass cover shop uniform, the amount of control. Over-mulching affects seedlings, and uneven grassing also affects seedlings. Therefore, no-tillage grass is generally around 300 feet.
(3) Difficulties in mechanical trenching: Generally, rapeseed field width is 1.8 meters wide (even ditch), and the ditch should be kept at a good distance of 30-25 meters. Ditches that are too large or uneven grass cover will affect the effect of grass cover. The distance is too small and the machinery is difficult to open.