Grape cultivation has a long history, but now there are fewer and fewer families in the yard. Potted grapes are a lot of flower budgers would like to try, but because the vines are relatively large vines, many grapes are planted in pots. Huayou is not very confident. What are the cultivation techniques of potted grapes? Today Xiao Bian will share with you some potted grape cultivation techniques .
1. Planting environment for potted grapes
If it is a courtyard, according to the size of its area, lighting conditions, environmental conditions, etc., comprehensive consideration shall be given to the overall arrangement of planted grapes and other fruit trees, flowers, forest trees, planting or breeding, and a reasonable arrangement in order to make full use of the ground and space. If there is a spacious roof top platform, the function of shading accounts for a large proportion of the roof greening (beautification) and food consumption.
2. Planting season of potted grapes
The temperature is suitable for planting in the spring between 15-25°C, such as the beginning of March-April; the bead can be started in early April.
3. Preparation for planting of potted grapes
Selection of good varieties: many grape varieties, such as Kyoho, Red Fuji, etc., they are ripe early, adaptable, according to the local weather, the use of high quality varieties of fruit.
Soil selection: The soil layer is deep and the sandy soil with loose soil (its air permeability is good and the ground temperature rises quickly) is better.
Site preparation: In the fall and winter season of the first year, soil preparation was performed with 1500 kg of fertilized fertilizer per acre before soil preparation, and then about 30 centimeters of deep soil was poured. The soil was tapped and the seedbed was 80 cm wide and 25 cm high.
4. Containers for potting vines
Available containers include pots, pots, zisha pots, tubs, plastic pots, etc., depending on the conditions selected. The first year of potted grapes can be used as a container with a pot diameter of about 20-25 cm, and a container with a pot diameter of 30-40 cm can be used after 2-3 years. It can be based on production volume, site space. Loose, fertile, organic and calcareous loams are required. Can also be based on the specific circumstances of local materials, select a wide range of sources, low cost, without pests, pollution-free culture materials.
5. Preparation and disinfection of basin soil for potted grapes
Commonly used preparation formulas include 4 parts of rot, 3 parts of garden soil, 3 parts of coarse sand and 0.5 parts of bone meal; 2 parts of pastoral soil, 2 parts of coarse sand (or slag), 1 part of puffed chicken manure and 0.5 part of bone meal. . The pots and soils were prepared and mixed well, and they were evenly sprayed with 0.1% formalin solution (500 ml per cubic pot of soil). Then sealed with a plastic film, fumigation overnight, peel off the film, after drying 3-4 days, you can use pots.
6. Planting Steps for Potted Grapes
If it is planted with grape seeds, buy a good grape, and after the seeds are eaten, root the seeds in the soil and put them in a sunny place. In the spring of last year, the shoots of the last year will be able to extract a lot of new shoots, leaving some of the strongest; In May, the grape grows faster and its roots grow longer under ample rainfall, and it is transplanted on rainy days. In the third year of May, yellow-green buds can appear and flower and fruit.
If cuttings are planted, after the pots are selected, it is best to soak in 1% bleach water for 5 minutes, remove them and dry them, and then place them in sterile soil. The seedlings used for potted grapes can be cut directly in the pots and cultivated into seedlings. When the cuttings are inserted, two cuttings are best inserted for each pot so that they can be reserved. It is also possible to use 1-3-year-old vine plants that have been transplanted into the soil with soil pellets before germination. When transplanting, the plant dendrites must be recut, and generally 1-3 strong vines are selected. In the year of transplanting, the focus was on restoring tree vigor, cultivating the tree, and laying a good foundation.
7. Grape management and cultivation techniques
Before the colonization, the basal fertilizer was cooked and the rooting water was poured after the soil was compacted. The depth of the soil was covered with long-rooted roots, and there were 3 to 4 buds on the ground.
8. Fertilization of potted grapes
(In the middle and late March, in the northern part of the country, it can be used as a base fertilizer in the middle or late April.) High-quality farmyard manure 50 kg - 100 kg, urea 0.3 kg, superphosphate 0.8 kg. The basal fertilizer applied should be mixed with soil and then covered with soil. The grapes need a large amount of fertilizer, and they apply basal fertilizer before defoliation or germination in winter; the top dressing is applied before flowering for the first time; the cultivation of budding fertilizer begins when the bud eyes begin to swell, and the temperature is stable at 10°C. Topdressing: Plant size, near the root end Open a shallow ditch with a depth of 30 cm to 40 cm and a width of 30 cm, bury the soil in the ditch, and water and cover the soil after the application. In the early stage of young fruit growth, nitrogen fertilizer was dominant, and calcium phosphate and wood ash were properly applied. When the fruit began to be colored, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were the main components. After rationally applying water to the basal fertilizer, pour 1 time of water to infiltrate the fertilizer into the lower layer so as to absorb the roots of the grapes.
9. Potted Grape Control Water
Generally, within one week after flowering, it is not appropriate to water the fruit and wait until the fruit is settled before pouring water and applying big fertilizer to promote fruit growth. In the rainy season, fertility will be lost. According to the loss of soil fertility of the plots and the growth of the grapes, the amount of fertilization should be reduced.
10. The cultivating of potted grapes
After heavy rains and heavy rains, the vineyards will be ground and hardened, resulting in a lack of oxygen in the root system of the grapevine. The resistance will be reduced and it will be susceptible to disease. To cultivate deeper before the rainy season. During the rainy season, we must pay close attention to cultivating in the rainy gap to increase soil permeability.
Information on viticulture techniques was introduced here for everyone. I hope this article will help everyone. If you still have something you don't understand, you can leave a message to Xiaobian at the bottom. We will answer your questions as soon as possible.
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