Wheat cultivation and cost-saving cultivation
June 18, 2024
Po good fertilizer technology. According to the characteristics of different types of special wheat for fertilizer demand, the formation of the optimal conservation fertilizer technology, including strong gluten wheat fertilization and weak gluten wheat fertilization. The application of high-quality, strong-gluten wheat fertilizers requires increasing the input of fertilizers and increasing the proportion of fertilizer input in the middle and later stages under the conditions of suitable groups. The use of high-quality, weak-gluten wheat fertilizer requires the strict control of the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied, the increase in the amount of phosphorus and potash fertilizers, and the strict control of late fertilizer application. In the same area and with the same amount of fertilization, using this technology, the grain protein content can be increased by 1-3%, the wet gluten content can be increased by 6-8 percent, and the sedimentation value and dough formation time can be stabilized. Time, bread volume and other processing quality have been significantly improved, thereby increasing the value of wheat utilization and increasing economic efficiency. Water-saving irrigation technology. That is, on the premise of ensuring that wheat can obtain the target output water consumption, a water-saving irrigation technique using fertilizers to divert water by using straw mulching, mulching film, maintaining rammed soil layers, deep plowing, deep plowing, and spraying drought-resistant agents; Utilization rate, reducing irrigation times and saving irrigation volume. The technology is applicable to winter wheat areas with an annual precipitation of 500--700 mm, especially the irrigated land in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain. It can also be promoted in the central and southern parts of Shanxi and Guanzhong area in Shaanxi. In general, drought affects wheat grain filling and starch formation, but it is beneficial to increase protein content, gluten content and sedimentation value. Compared with traditional high-yielding cultivation techniques, water-saving cultivation can save 100 cubic meters of water per acre, increase water use efficiency by more than 20% (up to 1.23 kg/mm2), and have the effect of simplifying labor and reducing nitrogen fertilizer losses. An increase of about 80 yuan per mu. Precision broadcast high-yield technology. That is, fine seeding and high-yielding technologies focusing on fertility, improving seed quality, controlling appropriate sowing volume, cultivating strong seedlings, and establishing a reasonable group structure; applicable to Shandong, Hebei, Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu, Shaanxi Guanzhong, and southern Shanxi And Beijing, Tianjin and other regions. Compared with conventional sowing method, fine sowing and semi-sowing can save 3 to 5 kilograms per acre, save 3 to 5 yuan, and increase output by 30 to 50 kilograms. In addition, it can also improve the quality of groups and prevent lodging. Less no-tillage technology. According to the relationship between the maturity of rice and the suitable sowing date of wheat, this technology forms two models of little tillage seedling drilling and paddy field interplanting wheat. Less no-tillage technology is suitable for the mid-lower rice and wheat cropping areas in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Valley. Part of the rice-wheat rotation cropping area in the Huang-Huai-Hai can be used as a reference. In the case of early rice dumplings, compared with the conventional tillage sowing method, the lesser tillage seedlings can be rotated, plowed, leveled, opened, sown, covered and repressed in one body, shortening the seeding cycle, and yield can be increased by 30-- 50 kilograms, 2 to 3 labors per acre, 100 cubic meters of water saving, and 20% improvement in comprehensive benefits. Under late-maturing rice conditions, compared with conventional sowing method, paddy field interplanting wheat to ensure proper sowing, eliminating late buckwheat, yield and conventional regular sowing wheat flat, than buckwheat increased by more than 30%, quality significantly improved. The use of paddy fields to sow 100-million-meter water-saving seedlings, save 3 - 4 labors, and increase the overall efficiency by more than 25%. It can make high straw return, reduce pollution, fertilize soil, and facilitate soil and water conservation. Cover ridge technology. The technology mainly includes horizontal contour ridge cultivation (also known as horizontal slope cultivation or contour planting), horizontal trench ridge cropping, area ridge ridge cropping (groove and ridge strip area), ridge cultivation method, drought-resistant high-yield trench ridge cultivation, and high water storage coverage Ridge ridge, cover ridge, wheat sulphate concentrated fertilization technology and other forms. The technology is mainly applicable to Shaanxi and Shanxi, and can also be used for reference in arid and semi-arid regions such as Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia. Using this technology, not only can alleviate the impact of drought in dry farming wheat area on winter wheat growth, but also play an important role in saving water resources in irrigated wheat areas. Plastic film coverage has a significant effect on wheat production. China Agricultural Network Editor